Disclaimer and risk notice

You use everything on this site at your own risk. The content is educational and meant for research, training and general awareness. It is not medical or legal advice, and it does not replace a certified first aid course or a doctor.

Check the information against the rules, phone numbers and protocols of the country you are in. Emergency numbers, drug availability and legal duties differ between countries and change over time.

In a real emergency, call the emergency services first and follow the dispatcher. A trained dispatcher can talk you through resuscitation better than any web page can.

The authors and the publisher accept no liability for damage, injury or loss caused by using this content. If you find an error, report it and it will be corrected.

Using this site creates no professional, medical or contractual relationship, and no duty of care towards you. Links to external organisations are there for verification only. Their content belongs to them, and we neither endorse nor monitor it. Any dispute is governed by the law of the publisher's place of establishment, without prejudice to the mandatory consumer protection rules of your country of residence.